Paddy is the main crop of India. It is mainly monsoon cultivation. So the question is How to Cultivate Paddy? So The Ujjwal is giving you A to Z information from nursery to transplanting paddy…
Paddy is the main crop of many other major countries including India. In the whole world, after maize, the most sown and grown crop is none other than paddy. In India’s state like Jharkhand, paddy cultivation is grown on 71 percent of the land. Rice is the staple food of the majority of the population of the state. Millions of farmers cultivate paddy. Paddy is planted in all parts of India in Kharif season.
How to Cultivate Paddy?
If some things are taken care of from the beginning, then the paddy crop will give a lot of profit. Paddy cultivation starts from nursery, so it is important to have good seeds. Many times the farmer applies expensive seeds and fertilizers, but the right yield is not available, so before sowing the seed and the field should be properly treated.
The seed need not be expensive but reliable and suitable for the climate and soil of your area. Agricultural scientist at Indian Rice Research Institute, Hyderabad, Dr P. Raghuveer Rao explains, “Paddy is cultivated in different states of the country and the season is also different from place to place, varieties of paddy are developed according to every place, so farmers have to develop according to their state. Only varieties should be cultivated.
He further said, “From the beginning of May, farmers should start preparing for cultivation, so that they can sow paddy as soon as the monsoon arrives.” Farmers should be aware of seed treatment. By doing seed treatment, paddy can be saved from many diseases and more profit can be earned. Farmers have to spend only 25-30 rupees in the process of seed treatment for planting one hectare of paddy, which is not a huge amount.
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The major paddy producing states in the country are West Bengal, Uttar Pradesh, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Punjab, Orissa, Bihar and Chhattisgarh. According to the statistics of the Department of Agriculture, paddy is cultivated in more than 36.95 million hectares of land across the country. According to the Ministry of Agriculture, paddy production in the Kharif season 2016-17 was 109.15 million tonnes, which was 2.50 million tonnes (2.34%) higher than the previous season. It was 3.54 per cent higher in the last five years.
Choose Paddy varieties according to your area
Professor of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University (BHU). Doctor. Vinod Kumar Srivastava explains, “Most farmers choose paddy seeds only at the behest of the shopkeeper, whereas varieties of paddy are developed according to different regions in the state, because the soil, environment and climate of every place are different. of it.” Farmers should take information from the farmer helpline of their area to select the appropriate seed. After gathering the information by the team of Forward Bulletin, we are sharing you some environment friendly seed varieties below:
Unirrigated Condition
Narendra-118, Narendra-97, Saket-4, Barani Deep, Dry Emperor, Narendra LalmanIrrigated condition: Pusa-169, Narendra-80, Pant paddy-12, Malviya paddy-3022, Narendra paddy-2065 and medium maturing varieties Pant paddy-10, Pant paddy-4 in early maturing varieties for irrigated areas. , PNR-381, Sarju-52, Narendra-359, Narendra-2064, Narendra paddy-2064, Pusa-44 are the major varieties.
Varieties of Paddy for Desolate Land
Narendra Usar paddy-3, Narendra paddy-5050, Narendra Usar paddy-2008, Narendra Usar paddy-2009
Farm Preparation
For paddy cultivation, 2 to 3 plowing should be done during summer. Along with this, strong fencing of the fields should also be done. Through this process, rainwater can also be stored in the field for a longer time.
On the other hand, if Dhincha / Sunai is being taken as green manure, then along with its sowing, phosphorus will also be used. For sowing/transplanting paddy, the field should be irrigated one week before. At the same time, after weeding in the field, only after this, at the time of sowing, fill the field with water and plow it.
Selection of Paddy Varieties according to the fields
Water logging in the field also has an effect. The cultivation of hybrid paddy will not prove to be beneficial in the field where the condition of water logging persists. Paddy varieties like Swarna paddy seed, BB11 etc. prove to be appropriate in waterlogged areas.
Farmers can easily grow hybrid paddy in slightly elevated areas where there is less water logging. When we talk about hybrid paddy, it becomes our responsibility which hybrid seed to choose. Below we will collect complete data and tell you about the major hybrid seeds.
Top Hybrid Paddy Varieties in the Country
Today we will tell about the top hybrid paddy variety, it is one of the most famous and best selling varieties of paddy in India and you can take 35-38 quintal/acre of paddy production in 1 acre by cultivating them –
Arize 6444 Gold Hybrid Paddy
This popular variety of Bayer seed is considered to be the best selling in India. Hybrid Paddy Variety Arize 6444 Gold is very famous paddy variety of India. Now we give you complete information about it.
• It was sold by Bayer Crop Science, Hyderabad, this hybrid rice variety takes 125-130 days to mature completely.
• Talking about production, 30 quintals per acre can be obtained.
• 12 to 15 buds emerge from a plant and the plant is strong and does not fall.
• This paddy seed requires less maintenance and water.
Bayer paddy varieties are considered resistant to diseases, tolerant to all types of weather.
Top gives 25 to 30% more yield than the hybrid variety of paddy and at the same time it can tolerate almost all types of Kharif season.
Seeds 5-6 kg of seed is considered suitable for 1 acre of land.
Fragrant sheared paddy of Bhagalpur
The fragrant paddy varieties of Bhagalpur region of Bihar are Sugandha Type-3, Rajendra Subhashini, Sabour Surbhit and Rajendra Kasturi. It is necessary to drop this distinction between June 25 and July 10. Bhagalpur Katni ka Bichra is the best time between 15th to 30th July. By dropping weeds of different strains of Shankar paddy between June 8 and 21, good yield is given. In connection with the conversation with the employees of Sabour Agricultural University, our team got proper information about it.
How to know the Paddy Seed is right?
If you want to prevent any disease from seed treatment, then first dissolve 1.6 kg of standing salt in ten liters of water, put an egg or a potato of the same size in this solution and when the egg or potato starts floating in the solution, then understand The solution is ready. If the egg or potato sinks, then add more potatoes to the water and stir, until the egg or potato starts to float, then the solution is ready for seed purification.
Add the paddy seed slowly in the prepared solution, throw the seed which floats on the surface of the water, as these seeds are useless. Take out the seed that sits
down, that is the right seed. This solution can be used for treatment of paddy seeds five to six times, wash the prepared seed three to four times with clean water.
Seed treatment with fungicide Treat the seed with 3 gm of Bavistin fungicide per kg of seed. The fungicide can be used in the form of powder by mixing it with the washed seed or can be treated by mixing 3 grams per kg of seed in water. Germinate like this, wrap the treated seed in a wet sack and keep it in a cool room. Keep irrigating water on this sack from time to time. Open the sack after about 48 hours. The seeds germinate and are ready for nursery planting.
Organic Fertilizers and Pesticides for Paddy
While preparing the field before nursery, treat the soil with bio-fertilizer, spray 10-12 kg of BGA (blue green algae and 10-12 kg of PAB bio-fertilizer) per acre of field soilThe organisms present in these fertilizers will help in transporting the nitrogen and potash elements, respectively, to the paddy plant in a better way than chemical fertilizers. Sowing of seeds / Planting of plants This seed can be sown by preparing the field and sown by the Lehi method. For sowing by transplanting method, sow it in a nursery 6 inches high from the already prepared land and prepare the seed for 20 to 25 days and transplant it in your entire field.
Fertilizer Management for Paddy
Application of fertilizer is very important in paddy crop. If the farmers manage these things properly after the planting work, then the production can be done in a good way. Most of the farmers use urea in large quantity for the cultivation of paddy, due to which they suffer loss.
Farmers can take advantage of paddy crop by using all the ingredients in the following per acre ratio:
• Nitrogen – 100-120 kg
• Phosphorus- 60 kg
• Potash – 40 kg
• Zinc – 25 kg
For which use 100-130 kg DAP, 70 kg MOP, 40 kg Urea and 25 kg Zinc per hectare (about four bighas) at the time of transplanting and 60-80 kg of urea after 4-5 weeks of planting and Apply 60-80 kg per hectare of field after 7-8 weeks of transplanting.
Prepare seedlings and prepare germinating seed nursery for transplanting by SRI method (Srividhi). Prepare 12 to 14 days old plants, after that remove the plants with complete roots and seeds. Immediately this nursery is planted in the prepared field by 25 cm. Sow in a row at a distance. Plant only one to two plants at one place so that even if one gets lost in the water for some reason, the other will come in handy.
By giving more than two saplings, the bit of paddy will become thick and when the crop is ripe then it will cause trouble. You can also use a paddy marker to determine the proper distance. Which is 25 cm from plant to plant and row to row. Marks the gap.
Transplant paddy with Srividhi in the same field which does not fill with water. After sowing with Srividhi, keep watering in the field and when necessary, as we irrigate the wheat field, irrigate the paddy field in the same way and keep the moisture in the field. Manage the rest of the crop like normal paddy. By managing in this way, the farmer will definitely get more yield at less cost. And you will move towards becoming an advanced farmer.
What is Black Paddy? How to Cultivate Black Paddy?
Black rice is known to be rich in antioxidant properties. It contains more antioxidants than coffee. Antioxidants work to detox and clean our body and every human being needs it to fight against today’s polluted environment and adulterated food. Black rice is a wonderful thing for diabetics. Its regular consumption can not only get rid of them from medicines, but after some time they will start living a normal life.
Anticancer elements are also found in abundance in black rice. Apart from Vitamin B, E, calcium, magnesium, iron and zinc etc. are found in abundance in rice derived from this paddy. Its consumption also purifies the blood. Along with this, the consumption of this rice is said to reduce fat and increase digestion power.
How to Cultivate Black Paddy
The whole process of its cultivation is almost the same as in the cultivation of mango paddy. Black paddy is cultivated in such fields where water is not used much. Because it requires less water than hybrid rice. The height of its plants ranges from about 4 and a half feet to 5 feet and only potash can be used as a fertilizer. Due to the use of urea and other fertilizers, there is a possibility of the plant becoming tall and falling. The cultivation of black paddy in organic way is much better.
Main properties of Black Paddy
Black rice has more anti-oxidant properties than tea and coffee. This is the reason why eating it gives benefits in many health related diseases. Due to the high amount of anti-oxidant properties, it increases the ability to fight against diseases. At the same time, according to experts, it is also very beneficial in fighting a deadly disease like cancer. At the same time, elements like vitamin B, vitamin E, calcium, iron, magnesium and zinc are more in it as compared to white and brown rice.
At what price Black Paddy is sold
According to Rakesh Singh, Project Manager of Symfed, the interest of farmers towards black rice cultivation is increasing. It is becoming popular among the people because of its special properties. At the same time, farmers can also earn good profits from this. It costs more than white or brown rice. It normally sells for Rs 200 to 500 per kg. Whereas normal rice is sold for Rs 25 to 80 per kg.
Organically grown black rice costs up to Rs 500 per kg. However, the yield of black rice is less as compared to other varieties. According to Rakesh Singh, the yield of black rice is less as compared to the normal varieties. While normal rice yields 20 to 25 quintals from one acre, black rice yields only 8 to 10 quintals.
How much seed is required for Black Rice Cultivation?
Alok Kumar, a farmer of Gangasarai village in Bihar, is a bank worker by profession, but together he is also cultivating black rice. He says that some friends had advised him to cultivate black rice, after which he ordered black rice seeds at the rate of Rs 300 a kg. About three kg of seed is required in one bigha of land. They tell that if you grow black rice in an organic way, then there is a very good yield.
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